Part of our International Year of Quantum Science and Technology coverage This episode of the Physics World Weekly podcast features William Phillips, who shared the 1997 Nobel Prize for Physics for ...

ABSTRACT: Without stating postulates or making any hypothesis, the quantization of the vector potential amplitude at a single photon level yields naturally the electromagnetic field ground state ...

We provide complete mathematical proofs of these results and demonstrate their far-reaching implications across quantum computation, black hole physics, and computational complexity theory. In ...