One can divide lacrimal drainage system tests into functional and anatomical evaluations. The functional (physiological) tests are designed to assess tear flow under natural physiological ...

2). The catheter should easily slip into the canaliculus and lacrimal sac. Gentle short bursts of pressure can be applied to the syringe to flush the duct. If this is unsuccessful, moving the ...

Punctal plugs are also called tear duct plugs or lacrimal plugs or occluders ... is inserted into a part of the tear duct called the canaliculus. This is a deeper part of the tear duct.

State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China Correspondence to Dr Bingqian Liu, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan ...

All of these puncta resisted dilatation and we were unable to insert the smallest probe in the canaliculus for more than ½12 mm. In other words, despite the appearance of an opening on the surface, ...