Shoulder dystocia is an uncommon but potentially catastrophic intrapartum event. Although risk factors such as maternal diabetes, obesity and macrosomia can be identified, shoulder dystocia most ...

Shoulder dystocia, which occurs when the baby’s shoulder ... risk factors such as maternal diabetes and abnormally large fetal dimensions. The failure to recommend a necessary cesarean section ...

including shoulder dystocia and brachial plexus injury. Obstetricians use a variety of factors in clinical decision-making for delivery management. Estimated fetal weight by both ultrasound and ...