During the 19th century, the idea that the individual ... to pass a series of reforms to improve the lives of the British people. These reforms marked a major departure from laissez-faire and ...

[3] As a result, by the mid-19th century, American medicine was woefully behind the advances of its European counterparts, at least in the area of medical educational reform. Proprietary schools ...

"The 19th century departmental ... ensure they meet the needs of 21st century public services." Parliamentary control and scrutiny of public spending were weak until William Ewart Gladstone championed ...

However, his legacy extends far beyond science. In the 19th century, Wallace’s observations were striking. British imperialism was at its zenith, and the Industrial Revolution was fueling a ...